The Covid-19 pandemic has the entire world in agony, and Brazil is one of the countries being hit the hardest. This is the Fifth and final Article in the series that analyzes a pandemic-related decision made by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in August 2020, when it rejected Pfizer’s proposal to acquire 70 million doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. The question we ask is this: 1) Of the Brazilians aged 50 or older who died of Covid-19 in Brazil in July 2021, how many would still be alive if the Ministry of Health had acquired the 70 million doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine in August 2020? 2) Among people who died of Covid-19 in Brazil, analyzing the conclusive results, these may be alive, if the Ministry of Health of Brazil will have acquired, in August 2020, as 70 million doses of the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine? This series of studies is mentioned in the Final Report of the Parliamentary Inquiry Commission (CPI) of the Covid-19 Pandemic of the Federal Senate, in Chapter 13, which deals with indictments, specifically in item 13.1, on preventable deaths, and in the Conclusions.

La pandemia de Covid-19 tiene al mundo entero en agonía, y Brasil es uno de los países más afectados. Este es el quinto y último artículo de la serie que analiza una decisión relacionada con una pandemia tomada por el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil en agosto de 2020, cuando rechazó la propuesta de Pfizer de adquirir 70 millones de dosis de la vacuna Pfizer / BioNTech. La pregunta que nos hacemos es la siguiente: 1) De los brasileños de 50 años o más que murieron de Covid-19 en Brasil en julio de 2021, ¿cuántos seguirían con vida si el Ministerio de Salud hubiera adquirido los 70 millones de dosis de Pfizer / BioNTech? vacuna en agosto de 2020? 2) Entre las personas que murieron por Covid-19 en Brasil, analizando los resultados concluyentes, ¿estos pueden estar vivos, si el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil habrá adquirido, en agosto de 2020, como 70 millones de dosis de la vacuna Pfizer / BioNTech? Esta serie de estudios se menciona en el Informe Final de la Comisión de Investigación Parlamentaria (CPI) de la Pandemia Covid-19 del Senado Federal, en el Capítulo 13, que trata de las acusaciones, específicamente en el ítem 13.1, sobre muertes evitables, y en el Conclusiones.

O mundo sofre com a pandemia da Covid-19. O Brasil é um dos países cuja população está sendo mais fortemente atingida. Este é o Quinto e último Artigo da série que analisa uma decisão tomada pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil durante a pandemia da Covid-19, que, em agosto de 2020, recusou a proposta da farmacêutica Pfizer para aquisição de 70 milhões de doses da vacina Pfizer/BioNTech. Questiona-se: 1) Entre as pessoas com 50 anos ou mais de idade que faleceram de Covid-19 no Brasil, no mês de julho de 2021, quantas delas poderiam estar vivas, caso o Ministério da Saúde do Brasil tivesse adquirido, em agosto de 2020, as 70 milhões de doses da vacina Pfizer/BioNTech? 2) Entre as pessoas que faleceram de Covid-19 no Brasil, quantas delas poderiam estar vivas, caso o Ministério da Saúde do Brasil tivesse adquirido, em agosto de 2020, as 70 milhões de doses da vacina Pfizer/BioNTech? Essa série de estudos está citada no Relatório Final da Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito (CPI) da Pandemia da Covid-19 do Senado Federal, no Capítulo 13, que trata dos indiciamentos, especificamente no item 13.1, sobre as mortes evitáveis, e nas Conclusões.

The Covid-19 pandemic has the entire world in agony, and Brazil is one of the countries being hit the hardest. This is the Third Article in the series that analyzes a pandemic-related decision made by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in August 2020, when it rejected Pfizer’s proposal to acquire 70 million doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. The question we ask is this: of the Brazilians aged 60 or older who died of Covid-19 in Brazil in May 2021, how many would still be alive if the Ministry of Health had acquired the 70 million doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine in August 2020?

El mundo sufre la pandemia de Covid-19. Brasil es uno de los países cuya población está siendo más afectada. Este es el tercer artículo de la serie que analiza una decisión tomada por el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil durante la pandemia Covid-19, que en agosto de 2020 rechazó la propuesta de la farmacéutica Pfizer de adquirir 70 millones de dosis de la vacuna Pfizer / BioNTech. La pregunta es: entre las personas de 60 años o más que murieron por Covid-19 en Brasil, en mayo de 2021, cuántos de ellos podrían haber estado vivos, si el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil lo hubiera adquirido, en agosto de 2020, el 70 millones de dosis de la vacuna Pfizer / BioNTech?

O mundo sofre com a pandemia da Covid-19. O Brasil é um dos países cuja população está sendo mais fortemente atingida. Este é o Terceiro Artigo da série que analisa uma decisão tomada pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil durante a pandemia da Covid-19, que, em agosto de 2020, recusou a proposta da farmacêutica Pfizer para aquisição de 70 milhões de doses da vacina Pfizer/BioNTech. Questiona-se: entre as pessoas com 60 anos ou mais de idade que faleceram de Covid-19 no Brasil, no mês de maio de 2021, quantas delas poderiam estar vivas, caso o Ministério da Saúde do Brasil tivesse adquirido, em agosto de 2020, as 70 milhões de doses da vacina Pfizer/BioNTech?

Abstract Belo Horizonte, capital of Minas Gerais state, is a highly urbanized city located in the third largest metropolitan area of Brazil, being one of the most important cities in the country. There are several potential air pollutant emission sources in the studied area, such as industry and the vehicular fleet (1,669,884 vehicles in 2015). These can affect the air quality, which can have an impact on population health. Despite this critical scenario, few studies have been developed with the objective of evaluating the air quality in this city, especially regarding the identification of pollutant emission sources. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify and quantify atmospheric emissions by stationary sources of significant environmental impact in Belo Horizonte. The quantification of emissions was preferably performed based on chimneys monitoring data. However, in the absence of these data, estimates were made based on AP-42 guidelines. As a result, 75 chimneys were identified, belonging to 28 companies. Pollutant emission rates of 305, 235, 234, 224, 206, 180 and 63 t year-1 were observed for NOX, CO, TSP, PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and VOC, respectively. The results obtained can contribute to the diagnosis, modeling and management of air quality in Belo Horizonte.

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method for the identification of the chemical marker of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl., Anacardiaceae. It would determine the total polyphenols and flavonoid content by spectrophotometric methodology in the dried extract of plant. The chromatographic profiles of S. brasiliensis were determined using HPLC-UV. The liquid chromatography method was conducted on a Phenomenex Gemini NX C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of 0.05% orthophosphoric acid: methanol. The flow rate was 1 ml/min and effluents were monitored at 271 nm. The retention time for gallic acid was 8.5 min. The described method has the advantage of being both rapid and easy. Hence it can be applied for routine quality control analysis of herbal preparation containing S. brasiliensis.

Descreve-se um método eletroquímico para a preparação do copolímero poli(2-bromo-5-metoxi-p-fenilenovinileno/2,5-diciano-p-fenilenovinileno) (cop-MB-PPV/DCN-PPV). Este copolímero foi proposto por apresentar uma estrutura D-A, produzida pela presença do grupo elétron-doador metoxi e do grupo elétron-retirador diciano. O copolímero foi sintetizado eletroquimicamente por redução catódica dos materiais de partida convenientes dissolvidos em DMF/LiClO4 usando um poço de mercúrio como eletrodo de trabalho. O copolímero foi caracterizado por medidas de espectroscopia no infravermelho (IR), no UV-Vis e de fluorescência (FL) e por medidas de voltametria cíclica (CV). Todos os resultados foram comparados com o homopolímero MB-PPV. A análise dos resultados indica que o cop-MB-PPV/DCN-PPV foi obtido através da formação de blocos contendo unidades de DCN-PPV ligadas por blocos contendo unidades de MB-PPV. A caracterização da estrutura eletrônica, obtida por meio de medidas de CV, UV-Vis e FL mostraram que a banda de condução é mais estabilizada no copolímero em comparação ao homopolímero. Além disso, os espectros de FL indicaram que a emissão de luz do cop-MB-PPV/DCN-PPV em solução de clorofórmio ocorre por meio da formação de excímeros.

The present work describes an electrochemical method to produce the copolymer poly(2-methoxy-5-bromo-p-phenylenevinylene)/(2,5-dicyano-p-phenylenevinylene) (cop-MB-PPV/DCN-PPV). This copolymer was proposed due to its D-A characteristic produced by the presence of the electron-donating methoxy moiety and the electron-withdrawing dicyano moiety. The copolymer was electrochemically synthetized by cathodic reduction of the convenient starting materials dissolved in a DMF/LiClO4 using a mercury pool acting as working electrode. The copolymer was characterized by infrared (IR), UV-Vis and fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). All the results were compared to the MB-PPV homopolymer. The analysis of electrochemical measurements and IR indicated that the cop-MB-PPV/DCN-PPV was obtained through the formation of blocks containing DCN-PPV units linked by blocks containing MB-PPV units. The electronic structure, performed by CV, UV-Vis and FL showed that the conduction band is more stabilized in the copolymer than in homopolymer. Furthermore, the FL spectra indicated that the light emission of the cop-MB-PPV/DCN-PPV in chloroform solution occurs by means of excimer formation.